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Social Security Spousal Benefits: One More Key To The Social Security Decision Can a spouse collect on her husband's social security if she reaches retirement age before her husband? No. In order for a wife to collect Social Security benefits on her husband's income several conditions need to be met:
1. The spouse applying for the spousal benefit needs to be at least age 62
2. The husband will need to be eligible to receive benefits, so he should also be at least age 62. In addition, the husband needs to actually apply for Social Security retirement benefits in order for his wife to receive benefits based on his income. The husband may then decide to delay receiving benefits. This strategy is known as "file and suspend".
To provide you with an example, if the wife is 62 and the husband is 60, the wife can begin receiving benefits calculated on her own income, but she can not receive benefits based on her husband's earnings until he turns 62 and starts receiving his own benefits.
Having said that, if the wife is age 66 and the husband is only 62, then the wife can begin collecting based on her husband's income (remember, the husband will need to submit an application for benefits before his wife will be able to collect based on his earnings).
In the cases shown above, the wife can begin receiving benefits calculated on her own earnings as soon as she turns 62 (assuming she has at least forty quarters of earnings and also qualifies for benefits on her own), then she can switch to half of her husband's benefit as soon as her husband becomes eligible for Social Security.
Some areas to take into consideration before applying for benefits:
If a wife applies for her Social Security spousal benefit calculated on her husband's earnings when she attains full retirement age (age 66 for people retiring now), then she'll receive 50% of her husband's primary insurance amount (PIA). On the other hand, if she starts receiving benefits at age 62, then her benefit will be reduced to just 35% of her husband's PIA.
It does not help the spouse to apply after her full retirement age, as spousal benefits will not include delayed credits. Additionally, it doesn't benefit the wife if the husband waits to apply for benefits because she won't get any increase in benefits that he gets by waiting to apply.
Where a spouse reaches full retirement age and is qualified to apply for the spousal benefit or her own benefit, she may start receiving the spousal benefit now and hold off taking her own benefit in order to build up delayed credits on her own benefit.
An individual can collect Social Security spousal benefits based on an ex-spouse's earnings so long as you were married for a minimum of ten years and you are also currently unmarried. In case you have more than one ex-spouse that you meet the requirements for spousal benefits, you will get the maximum benefit you are entitled to. One benefit that divorced spouses have over married spouses is that a divorced spouse won't have to wait for a former husband to start collecting benefits as long as the couple has been divorced for a minimum of 2 yrs when she applies.
As a final point, the Social Security retirement program is gender neutral, so while this article has assumed that the wife is the one applying for spousal benefits, if the wife makes more than her husband, the husband can sign up for Social Security benefits based on his wife's earnings.
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